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Concentration Formula:
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The molecular weight concentration (molarity) is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species in solution, expressed as moles of solute per liter of solution. It's a fundamental concept in chemistry for preparing solutions and performing calculations.
The calculator uses the molarity formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula calculates how many moles of solute are present per liter of solution by dividing the mass by the molecular weight to get moles, then dividing by the volume.
Details: Accurate concentration calculations are essential for preparing solutions in laboratories, pharmaceutical formulations, chemical reactions, and biological assays where precise concentrations are critical.
Tips: Enter the mass in grams, molecular weight in g/mol, and volume in liters. All values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the molar concentration (M).
Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature, molality doesn't.
Q2: How do I find the molecular weight of a compound?
A: Sum the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule. For example, water (H₂O) has MW = 2(1.008) + 15.999 = 18.015 g/mol.
Q3: Can I use this for solutions with multiple solutes?
A: This calculates concentration for one solute. For multiple solutes, calculate each separately or use total moles/total volume.
Q4: What if my volume is in mL instead of liters?
A: Convert mL to L by dividing by 1000 before entering (e.g., 500 mL = 0.5 L).
Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Precision depends on your needs. For most lab work, measure mass to at least 3 significant figures and use precise molecular weights.