1. What is pH Titration?

A pH titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of an acid or base by neutralizing it with a solution of known concentration. The pH is measured throughout the titration, and the equivalence point is identified.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator simulates the pH curve using fundamental acid-base chemistry:

For different titration types:

• Strong Acid - Strong Base: pH = 7 at equivalence point
• Weak Acid - Strong Base: pH > 7 at equivalence point
• Strong Acid - Weak Base: pH < 7 at equivalence point

3. Importance of pH Titration

Details: Titration curves are essential for understanding acid-base chemistry, determining unknown concentrations, and identifying buffer regions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter concentrations in molarity (M), volume in mL. For weak acid/base titrations, provide the pKa value. The calculator estimates pH at equivalence point.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between equivalence and endpoint?
A: Equivalence point is when moles of acid = moles of base. Endpoint is when the indicator changes color (may differ slightly).

Q2: Why does weak acid-strong base titration have pH > 7?
A: The conjugate base of the weak acid makes the solution slightly basic at equivalence.

Q3: How accurate is this simulation?
A: This provides a simplified estimation. Real titrations depend on temperature, ionic strength, and exact equilibrium constants.

Q4: What's a typical titration curve shape?
A: Starts flat (buffer region), has steep rise at equivalence point, then levels off again.

Q5: Can I use this for polyprotic acids?
A: This calculator handles monoprotic systems only. Polyprotic acids have multiple equivalence points.