1. What is Saponification Value?

The Saponification Value (SV) is the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to saponify 1 gram of fat or oil under specified conditions. It's an important parameter in lipid analysis and soap making.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the standard SV formula:

Where:

• \( B \) — Volume of titrant for blank (mL)
• \( S \) — Volume of titrant for sample (mL)
• \( N \) — Normality of KOH solution (N)
• \( W \) — Weight of sample (g)
• 56.1 — Molecular weight of KOH (mg/mmol)

Explanation: The difference between blank and sample titration represents the KOH consumed by the sample. This is converted to mg KOH per gram of sample.

3. Importance of SV Calculation

Details: SV indicates the average molecular weight of fatty acids in a fat or oil. Higher SV means shorter fatty acid chains. It's crucial for quality control in food, cosmetic, and soap industries.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in correct units. Ensure proper titration technique for accurate results. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical SV range for common oils?
A: Coconut oil (250-260), Palm oil (190-205), Olive oil (184-196), Soybean oil (189-195).

Q2: Why is a blank titration needed?
A: The blank accounts for any KOH consumed by factors other than the sample (e.g., CO2 absorption).

Q3: Can I use NaOH instead of KOH?
A: Yes, but replace 56.1 with 40 in the formula (MW of NaOH).

Q4: What affects SV accuracy?
A: Sample homogeneity, titration endpoint determination, and KOH solution stability.

Q5: How does SV relate to soap making?
A: SV helps calculate the exact amount of lye needed for complete saponification.